Cases of hospital acquired pneumonia occurring during the 1st 12 months of Medico-Surgical ICU (Intensive care unit, MSICU) in operation were evaluated retrospectively to determine its incidence, common causative pathogens, outcome and radiological patterns with the new hospital setting providing a unique relatively aseptic environment. Among the 920 admitted patients, 73 episodes of nosocomial pneumonia on 63 patients were identified and the incidence rate was 7%. The most common pathogens were Pseudomonas. Staphylococcus, Serratia, and Enterobacter in the order of frequency of occurrence, and the gram-negative pathogens comprised 70%. Nosocomial pneumonia was more common after use of antibiotics due to such pathogens as Enterobacter, Acinetobacter, and Candida which caused poor outcome. Enterobacter had the
greatest tendency to be related with poor outcome and Serratia the least. Overall mortality
was 25%. Bronchopneumonia was the most common type of pneumonia caused by any pathogen except Acinetobacter which caused a mixed type of nosocomial pneumonia.
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